I totally agree with SWR. Document & Record. When Mel found the Atocha the tax laws read that Treasure was taxable only when it was sold or accepted in liew of wages. This may or may not still be true.
Despite what the anti-government types put out, if you keep it open, upfront and legal (in other words, jump through their hoops) you will be fine. On the other hand. if you decide to play pirate, then you will also need to be willing to accept the consequences should you be caught.
Which way you decide to go of course is each persons own choice. What personally irritates me is when a pirate does go down, they immediately start whining about how they were forced to be a pirate because of the laws. This is pure bull!!!! If you find a Treasure, very cool. If you decide to Pirate it, that's cool too!!!! Should you get caught, show some class for Christs sake. Your decision was made out of greed people. It's just that simple (and there's nothing wrong with that either), so don't blame it on anyone else.
Deepsix
Oh heck, going about it the "nice, open way" would be swell, but honestly, how much of that find would you get to keep? Which way is it finally? Do you get to keep most of your finds, or does the US gov take it away from you? Canada has a confusing law that is a bit vague, but after speaking to a local, unfriendly archivist, it's my current understanding that anything "old" that is either buried under ground or sitting under water belongs to the government. How they figure that must surely be laughable.
If I found a cache, or a "treasure chest", I'd view it as the relinquished property of the person who buried it. If it was buried by a private citizen, then it never belonged to the government in the first place, and so why should it suddenly belong to the government now? Assuming that the person in question paid the taxes on their wealth, paid their dues, etc, that treasure should be free from a government hold on it.
It could lie there in the dirt for the next thousand years and nobody would ever bother to find it, including the current landowners. And what does happen to these treasure finds when the government confiscates them? Who tracks where this stuff goes to? Does it go on a fabulous display somewhere in a museum so that the people can admire a part of "their heritage"(I use quotes here because I don't see how a "private" wealth cache would even be considered a part of a country's heritage, unless it had some known historical significance), or does it go to some museum vault only to be forgotten about?
We, as treasure hunters, take a leave from the grind of ordinary work to instead reach for higher goals, to chase after the stuff that dreams are made of. We aim to defy the odds and the words of naysayers and give it all our best to find those elusive riches. We put time, effort, and money to seek something that the average person would consider absurd, and for our efforts we deserve to be fully compensated.
I have no problem with paying taxes on my finds, I have no problem if the government takes it and pays me full market value for it, I have no problem with it sitting in a museum display for all to admire(in fact, I'd really like that, it would fill me with a sense of pride). But I'll be a monkey's uncle before I think it's fair to get a 10% share, or maybe even nothing, for my efforts.
And one note about this whole "preserving our national heritage" argument. Britain has far, far more history than the US and Canada combined, yet they choose to fully compensate the finder of a cache for his or her effort. So I ask, what's the problem over here in North America? Why can't our governments adopt the same view? What's the problem? Oh I know.....it's greed and stupidity.
Furthermore, what if a cache originally belonged to the Brits, or the French? Would the government still think it has a claim to it?