Joe hunter
Bronze Member
- Mar 2, 2013
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It is definitely a piece of a Colonial Era muzzle-loading cannon that burst, either unintentionally during firing, or intentionally blown up to prevent capture and re-use by the enemy.
About measuring its bore diameter to determine the cannon's caliber:
There seems to be a bit less than half of the bore's width present, so your tape measurement result should be slightly increased. Also, the rust-petrified dirt on the bore's walls diminishes the diameter, so again let's add a bit to the measurement to compensate for that. The result is a smidge over 2 inches, which means the cannon was a 1-Pounder caliber (bore diameter approximately 2.05-inches). We can exclude the next larger size, a 2-Pounder, whose bore diameter was approximately 2.56-inches. Next above that was the 3-pounder, whose bore diameter was 2.90-inches.
I should explain:
Cannon caliber expressed with the term "Pounder" is based on the weight of the Solid-Shot (not hollow, not explosive) ball fired by that cannon. A 1-Pounder cannon's Solid-Shot weighed 1 pound, a 2-Pounder weighed 2 pounds, etc.
I'm sure it is a Colonial Era cannon for two reasons. First, such small-caliber cannons had become obsolete long before the civil war started in 1861. There is a possibility your 1-Pounder cannon was used in the War Of 1812... but it was most likely manufactured before then. Second reason is the presence of un-needed decorative/ornamental raised rings showing at your cannon's muzzle end. Colonial Era cannons had several useless ornamental rings cast as integral part of the barrel (not made separately and applied onto the barrel). As time progressed into the 1800s, the ornamental rings became fewer and then vanished entirely.
About cleaning/preserving it:
If not cleaned AND properly preserved, excavated iron will continue to corrode, due to exposure to oxygen and water-vapor in the air. You'll need to learn how to do the Electrolysis rust-removal-&-NEUTRALIZATION process. Electrolysis not only removes the rust-crust, it electrochemically neutralizes the corrosion which is happening deep down inside the micropores in the cast-iron. I can't give you the instructions for constructing an Electrolysis setup/rig/tank here in a What-Is-It post... except to say, you'll need a container big/deep enough to completely submerge the entire cannon fragment in water. I'm sure the Electrolysis instructions are somewhere here on TreasureNet.
There are very probably other fragments of that cannon nearby (if they didn't get eyeballed and recycled long ago). The "propellant" gunpowder charge in a 1-Pounder cannon isn't large enough to throw big pieces like yours very far. But if the cannon was packed with powder to destroy it, the pieces could be thrown further. Usually, when deliberate destruction occurs, there's a record of it in the military reports of that location.
I must add my hearty congratulations on making such an extraordinarily rare find. As you might guess, not many cannons blew up... and the pieces were usually gathered up by somebody for recycling, either during the war or afterward, long before the invention of metal detectors. I've been in the civil war (and RevWar) relic digging community for over 40 years, specializing in artillery, and I know of less than 20 instances of cannon-fragment discoveries.