Carved Horn Scrimshaw - The Holy Graile?

Lucky Eddie

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Anyone know the history of this piece?

What I do know is this.

It has been in my family now for 4 or 5 generations (My Great Great grandmothers) and originated in England.
The surviving family knowledge went like this.
My grandmother emigrated to Australia from England in 1901.
Her grandmother as a child was an indentured servant in a manor house for most of her life.
In that house, above a fire place & hearth, hung on a silken chord was a green hunting horn.
Great Great Grandmothers job included dusting, with a feather duster.

The old man who owned the Manor house passed away - and the house and contents were to be auctioned, proceeeds to be split between the surviving family heirs.

While cleaning the house prior to auction my great great grandmother was in her early teens and happened to dust the green hunting horn - during which, the fragile silken chord weakened from years of rising heat from the fireplace, broke.
The green hunting horn, fell to the brick hearth - and broke / shattered.
Hidden (secreted within) inside this green hunting horn, was the carved cow horn piece you see below.

The Lady of the house came to investigate the sound of the breaking horn and was rather annoyed. She claimed she never liked the hunting horn anyway and her deceased father obtained it at an auction - she instructed my great great grandmother to keep the piece from within as a parting "gift" for her service which was likely coming to an end with the sale of the house.

Thus this piece of carved cow horn history of unknown age and prevenance, has remained within my family ever since.
I always romanticized that it was associated with the Holy Grail Romances of the middle ages.

Hornpic1.jpg


I took a series of photos all around and pieced them together roughly with MS paint to get an all round story board of the carvings to see if they relate a particular story or period of time in history?

HornArtifactStoryboard2.jpg


I see things like St George slaying the dragoon, I see the 7 headed "beast of revelations" - I see our lady of Blind Justice standing over a wolf with a sword ready to defeat evil.

I see a one eyed king?... (King Harold?) (In the Sun representation - the veiled face "moon" being his queen)?

There sat Harold,
on his horse.
his hawk in his hand,
and an arrow in his eye!

Who is the saracen type head, carved in bass relief style - totally different to the rest of the carving style?

What about the rest of you - anyone have any ideas what story/s are represented here? - why the anchient piece spent so long secreted within a hunting horn, hung over a mantlepiece?
Why was it secreted - to hide it from the inquisition?

Most such carvings (scrimshaw) I have seen of later periods, are maritime scenes done into ivory whales tooth / Walrus tooth - not cow horn.

I've not ever been able to find out any details - my parent once on a trip to England in the 1970's took it to the London Museum of Mankind - who weren't particularly interested and thought maybe it originatyed in eastern europe somewhere?

Could it represent Arthurian legend? Lancelot & Guenevere?, what about King Richard the Lionheart - didn't he have a Loyal Saracen friend when he returned from the crusades?

That's about as much as I know! Overall length is about 4 inches and average diameter about 2 inches.
Who knows - maybe it's a treasure map story of some kind?
It seems to be involved with the dynasty of a king, queen and family and church.
Could it be masonic/templar in origin - and referring to the preservation of Christs titular bloodline, as is preserved to this day by the Prieurre de Sion?
I've wondered about this piece now for almost 50 years.
If it was a cup at any period - it may have had maybe a wooden insert as a base sealed with wax or something - In all the time We've had it - it never had any bottom - more like it might have been a decorative ceremonial rolled cloth napkin holder for placement on the table?

Anyone?

Cheers
 

I linked my mother up to this thread a while ago. I saw her today and she showed me the March, 2010 issue of the Maine Antique Digest she recently received. Very interesting pics of some carved powder horns that went to auction last fall. I found the link to the .pdf auction catalog (see page 21)

http://www.ha.com/common/auction/frontmatter/6032_catalogpdf.pdf

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Here is how they appeared in the Maine Antique Digest:

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I'm not sure it's worth researching its value at this stage. I'd be willing to offer you a fair amount, sight unseen. The rest is just speculation.
 

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kyphote said:
I'm not sure it's worth researching its value at this stage. I'd be willing to offer you a fair amount, sight unseen. The rest is just speculation.
I've been researching this piece. Not the value, but the representations on it.

The figures all represent saints or attributes to saints. There is St. George, St Edmund the Martyr, St Michael the Archangel, Brother Sun & Sister Moon (canticle of St. Francis of Assisi), a Pope, St. Thomas of Canterbury, and a female not yet identified but possibly St Margret of Scotland.

The popularity of all these saints seems to intersect around 1400. No earlier than mid 1300's. Can't say for sure because all of these images are well known and could have been drawn yesterday but for a number of reasons, I'd say no later than mid 1500's. I'm guessing it is folk art from a devout Catholic.

DCMatt
 

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Sorry to be away from this topic for a bit.

Its been a 3 day long weekend here & I was away from the PC.

Matt - in a short week or two - you've uncovered more about who the characters represent than anyone in 4 generations of my family here in Oz.

My 77 year old mum is just amazed - and agrees with all your suggestions thus far (she's obviously been associated with it a lot longer than me)!

Like me - she said what a pity that all the older members of our family who speculated for so many years are all now long since gone.

For anyone interested, I'm nto really interested in it;s commercial value if any - for the simple reason I'd like it to stay in my family if possible, hopefully one of my kids will find as much "interest" in it and pass it along to one of their kids and so on.

I will try and put together a paper history, to go along with it.

Something thats always interested us - is why it would have been placed inside the hunting horn - i.e as some sortof talisman maybe or was their a period in UK history where the saints and figures represented would have been frowned upon (i.e the rule of Henry the 8th?).

We cannot figure the point of it having been found inside the hunting horn when it broke on the hearth.

Anyone care to guess at why those religious figures might have got an owner into trouble maybe as a reason to hide it, or is their any precedence of conceiling maybea good luck talisman like this inside say a hunting horn - or later inside a powder horn?

I agree that it might well be carved later than the age of the images it depicts yet thereis a seemingly close grouping of most of these characters around the early to mid 1300 - 1400's.

Also - any advances on whether it's cow horn or a whales / walruss tooth?

Again - its purpose? (as an Illumination).

I just want to thank Mark again for all his diligent study - you sir are a genius in my book!

Re more images - I'm living in a flat now the kids are grown & left home - after 30odd years living in my family home on the Farm - I sold everything up and lived on some canals with my boat for a while - then managed an offshore Island charter fishing Lodge and Pearl farm for a year, now I'm, back in the city - so for the last 4 or so years all my furniture etc is in storage - along with the tin containing the hard wrapped in tissue paper.

Because we've moved so much in the last few years the storage facility is 40 odd miles drive away - so I don;t get to it often to retrieve the piece and take more photo's I posted this from pics I took 5 or more years ago...

I just don't have any more or new photos - when i do get some I'll put something in like a ruler to give scale to the piece.

I'll just rotate the piece and post each photo rather than try to stitch them all together into a continuous panel for you all.

The fact I don't want to sell it right now - doesn't mean I wouldn't like to know what it might be worth tho (or that I mightn't change my mind at some point in the future.

At the end of the day I'd like to see it both preserved and on public display somewhere if it has any historical meaning or significance.

Cheers
 

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kyphote said:
I'm not sure it's worth researching its value at this stage. I'd be willing to offer you a fair amount, sight unseen. The rest is just speculation.
Bwwahahahahahaaaa!!! How can someone determine a "fair" amount without researching the value?

I would like to buy your car, and I am willing to offer you a fair amount for it. :laughing9:
 

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DialM said:
kyphote said:
I'm not sure it's worth researching its value at this stage. I'd be willing to offer you a fair amount, sight unseen. The rest is just speculation.
Bwwahahahahahaaaa!!! How can someone determine a "fair" amount without researching the value?

I would like to buy your car, and I am willing to offer you a fair amount for it. :laughing9:

I believe in this case the use of the word "fair" in the American colloquial - not meaning "equitable" but implying "a goodly sum". The writer is saying the item is worth more than few bucks...

DCMatt
 

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DCMatt said:
DialM said:
kyphote said:
I'm not sure it's worth researching its value at this stage. I'd be willing to offer you a fair amount, sight unseen. The rest is just speculation.
Bwwahahahahahaaaa!!! How can someone determine a "fair" amount without researching the value?

I would like to buy your car, and I am willing to offer you a fair amount for it. :laughing9:

I believe in this case the use of the word "fair" in the American colloquial - not meaning "equitable" but implying "a goodly sum". The writer is saying the item is worth more than few bucks...

DCMatt
Really? So, what amount is that, roughly? :laughing7:
 

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:dontknow:
 

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I was going to make some commments on this, then I saw the dates. Then I ran down to the end and saw the :dontknow: . It amazes me that something so interesting and potentially so important could just fall off the face of the earth. Of course, it IS in Australia, and everyone knows it is easy to fall off the bottom of the world. Pardon me while I continue digging to China.
 

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Just one consideration that might be relevant or not. Can it be a part of a drinking horn? According to some old French (Norman) poetry sources there was a drinking horn in King Arthur sequel and in similar romances which they called bonoec. It was a horn of a yellow ox. So that kind of things were popular in the Middle Ages and were even considered a morality test for fair ladies.
 

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I think the drinking horn would have been the keratin sheath (the shiney part) that was over the bone. The bone part can actually just "slip" out of the sheath. I don't think the capacity of a cow horn empty area in the bony part is much to satisify a Viking, let alone a Norman or a Saxon. I wish this guy was still around. I would like to see the subject to see if it is the sheath, the bone, or ivory. Bone, I think, has a rougher texture, but it could have been sanded, I suppose. Definitely would not hold up as well as ivory. Way more pourous.

I can't believe I am actually putting an intelligent response on something that seems to have died a unnatural death.
 

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Guys,

I did a significant amount of research on the carvings on this piece and was able to identify most of them as depicting Catholic Saints. The owner was thrilled to get some kind of indentification on them. I just threw out all the research notes a couple of weeks ago when I was decluttering my desk.

My conclusion is that it is simply a piece of folk art from a time when most people couldn't read and used pictures to convey stories.

I posted most of my findings.

The figures all represent saints or attributes to saints. There is St. George, St Edmund the Martyr, St Michael the Archangel, Brother Sun & Sister Moon (canticle of St. Francis of Assisi), a Pope, St. Thomas of Canterbury, and a female not yet identified but possibly St Margret of Scotland.

The popularity of all these saints seems to intersect around 1400. No earlier than mid 1300's. Can't say for sure because all of these images are well known and could have been drawn yesterday but for a number of reasons, I'd say no later than mid 1500's. I'm guessing it is folk art from a devout Catholic.

DCMatt
 

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DC Matt: I sorta agree with what you said about folk art. But........I have spent a lot of time in old English churches, specifically doing brass rubbings back in time when they allowed one to do that. I have seen a lot of memorials in the late 1300's to 1600, and I can tell you that I have not seen art work that looks like this. The "form" seems quite different that the brasses and tombs that I have seen, and maybe as far as "studied". True, many of these were actually Flemmish, especially the larger earlier ones, but the 1400 to later are almost mostly English. Even in the books I have purchased, and especially one published by the Victoria and Albert Museum, nothing was even close in form. I don't doubt your research about the convergence of Saint's popularity in the 1400's, but I just can't match the figures to known ones. Hope my mind's eye isn't off. And I have absolutely no art expertise, just a huge historical interest. Is there not a chance this could have been 1066 or so? It seems to be similar to art work from that time, but not close, either.

Also, the composition of the horn would be significant to know. If it is ivory, the "folk art" theory has gotta be out the window. Bone, not so much so. I can't imagine a peasant having ivory to "scribble" on. Had to be tremendously expensive in any time, as it is now.
 

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High Plains Digger said:
DC Matt: I sorta agree with what you said about folk art. But........I have spent a lot of time in old English churches, specifically doing brass rubbings back in time when they allowed one to do that. I have seen a lot of memorials in the late 1300's to 1600, and I can tell you that I have not seen art work that looks like this. The "form" seems quite different that the brasses and tombs that I have seen, and maybe as far as "studied". True, many of these were actually Flemmish, especially the larger earlier ones, but the 1400 to later are almost mostly English. Even in the books I have purchased, and especially one published by the Victoria and Albert Museum, nothing was even close in form. I don't doubt your research about the convergence of Saint's popularity in the 1400's, but I just can't match the figures to known ones. Hope my mind's eye isn't off. And I have absolutely no art expertise, just a huge historical interest. Is there not a chance this could have been 1066 or so? It seems to be similar to art work from that time, but not close, either.

Also, the composition of the horn would be significant to know. If it is ivory, the "folk art" theory has gotta be out the window. Bone, not so much so. I can't imagine a peasant having ivory to "scribble" on. Had to be tremendously expensive in any time, as it is now.

I'm not expert either, but this is a very interesting piece and I thought it deserved some attention so I did research. I simply based the dating of the item on my interpretation of the images - St. George became patron saint of England in 1350 (certainly a popular story before that). St. Thomas of Canterbury was murdered in 1170 (sword through the head). Canticle of Francis of Assis was written early 1200's (Brother Sun & Sister Moon). Edmund the Martyr was killed around 870 (king holding arrow). Saint Michael (killing the beast and holding sclaes). I'm fairly confident of my identification of these images.

The piece could be earlier than 1300's but not as early as 1066 (IMHO).

The owner says the item is a carved cow horn.

I hope this becomes a museum piece some day and gets an expert analysis. I'd like to know if my conclusion is anywhere close to accurate. :-\

DCMatt
 

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Here's a piece of ivory I have ....... it seems to be about the same size as the Mystery Item :o
 

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After seeing the above photos, and viewing the grain on both pieces which are quite similar, although the owner says cow horn I lean toward Ivory
 

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Sheldon J said:
After seeing the above photos, and viewing the grain on both pieces which are quite similar, although the owner says cow horn I lean toward Ivory
I re-read the thread and the owner, at one point, asks for opinions on what the item is - cow horn, ivory, whatever...

He never got a definitive answer. I don't know anything about ivory, so I have no opinion. I would like to point out that the term "folk art" doesn't necessarily mean it was done by some dirt poor farmer. And for all I know ivory could have been easier to get than paper in 14th C. England.

There is a lot more I'd like to know about the item's history. Too bad the owner stopped posting. We traded a couple of PM's on the topic. After I sent him my findings (guesses), he sent me a very sincere thank you note (PM) and disappeared.

DCMatt
 

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It is too bad we appear to be beating a dead horse. With some good photos of the end, it may be possible to determine if it is ivory or not. Ivory that small may or may not have a cavity in the center, but it also has concentric rings that may be visible. Cow horn in that apparent size should have a cavity and will not have rings.

At any rate, it was intriguing. The story behind it seems quite likely. Rich folk regularly gave staff their old, unwanted furniture, etc. Comes up on British Antique Road Show all the time.
 

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