Oroblanco
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Eric,
Anyone who has done any serious/thorough research into the Tucson/Calalus Artifacts can form an intelligent opinion as to their authenticity. Having spent the time and money to do my own research, I have come to the conclusion that the entire story is a fabrication. Original source is unknown.
Take care,
Joe
Have to respectfully agree on this one. Much of the Latin looks to be directly lifted from medieval sources post-dating the supposed dates on the artifacts, and Dr Fell whom examined them concluded they are modern fakes. One sentence as an example, from a far earlier source:
“Catilina in prima acie versari, omnia providere, multum ipse pugnare, saepe hostum ferire.”
(Catiline was active in the front line, he attended to everything, fought much in person, and often smote down the enemy.)
The sentence is verbatim from the Calalus artifacts, and appears in the Conspiracy of Catiline, which dates to around 50 BC. I borrowed it from:
1996: Geologist Confirms Tuscon Artifacts Fake, Caliche Formed in Just "Hours" - JasonColavito.com
As the title of that page also suggests, the caliche could be artificially formed by the simple use of quicklime, which hardens in just hours to appear centuries old. The stratum in which the artifacts were found, dates to 10,000 years (minimum) ago, far older than the 700's AD which they supposedly date to.
Also have to agree with Fell that the items were probably some kind of regalia for a local group of Freemasons or possibly Mormons, not necessarily intended to fool the public. I was a little surprised that Scott Wolter put his stamp of approval on the Tucson artifacts as genuine, which will likely hurt his reputation on other sites and artifacts.
I do not know who or whom made and then buried the Tucson artifacts, nor what their agenda was. I doubt that it was done with the intention of perpetrating a hoax on the public however.
Having said all that, there is evidence of ancient visitors from the Mediterranean in the southwest, from California to Nevada and New Mexico; not pointing to some colony that lasted for centuries as the Calalus artifacts claim however. Several ancient civilizations were thriving in the southwest too, lasting for centuries; perhaps they encountered the Old World explorers. We mentioned the chickens dilemma earlier; many of the tribes of the southwest were found to have chickens (a distinctive type of chickens at that) when first encountered by European explorers, yet these Amerindians ancestors were supposed to have walked overland while hunting mammoths in the Ice Age to reach America; are we to suppose that they carried chickens along with them, while chasing the herds of mammoths and mastodons? No, obviously there was SOME kind of contact with peoples of the Old World, long before the arrival of the first European explorers. The whole story is certainly NOT yet told.
Oroblanco