It's hard to say what it was use on, other than a ship, what is the weight and size, that would help with how big of a vessel it would be appropriate for.
Vintage would also be hard to guess at, I looked at many vintage anchors online and have not seen one exactly like yours, but some are very similar to the stlye of yours.
New anchors of similar design sell for around $2 to $2.40 a pound, so a weight of yours would give a general idea of what it's worth, it looks to be in good condition so selling it to someone that needs such an anchor should bring a similar value as the new ones.