Wabasis Gold

Gypsy Heart

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Nov 29, 2005
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Ozarks
III Indian Chiefs to Remember
Wabasis, Cobmossa, Mexinini - all are names of Indian Chiefs of special interest to us because the lived in this part of Michigan. Many stories, some fact, some fiction, have been told about them.

Mexinini was a powerful chief who lived in what is now the Grand Rapids area. he was very dark skinned, some people believed he was part Negro and had been kidnapped from his childhood home in Virginia. His nickname was the Black One.

Mexinini was respected for his fair dealings with the white settlers. The story is told that when he journeyed to Washington to sign a treaty, the President gave Mexinini a fine black suit and tall silk hat. Naturally Mexinini was very proud of his new outfit and wore it upon all occasions when he had dealings with the white men. When Mexinini died, all the white settlers in the Grand Rapids area attended his funeral.

Cobmossa, best known chief of the Grand River valley, had a large Indian village at Lowell's junction of the Flat and Grand Rivers. However, he frequently came up the Grand River as far as Ionia and camped on the river banks. That area is now occupied by the Ionia Free Fair enterprises. In the spring Cobmossa and a group of his Indians journeyed up the Flat River and camped an island a mile or so above Belding. The braves hunted and fished while the squaws tapped the many maple trees in the vicinity and made maple sugar.

Where was this Indian camp? On the island in the river just west of the Arches, the abandoned railroad bridge a few rods south of Kiddville. The island is still called Cobmossa Isle and standing on the hillsides above the Kiddville dam are the very trees tapped by the Indians.

Cobmossa, too, had a nickname, the Walker. Scorning canoe travel, he often walked through the forests for long distances, visiting neighboring tribes as far as Portland and Lansing.

Later Cobmossa moved to an Indian reservation near Shelby. He died while living on the reservation. Some years ago a group of Belding Boy Scouts visited the Indian Cemetery near Hart and found the tombstone marking his grave.

Finally there was Chief Wabasis, White Swan in our language. Surely he must have been very important since a lake, a creek, a hill and a brand of potatoes today bear his name.

Chief Wabasis was believed to be part white, and after coming here from Canada married one of Cobmossa's daughters. He could speak English well and was liked by the white men. So when it became necessary to choose some member of the tribe to bring back to them the gold given for the sale of their land, Wabasis was selected.

However, the amount of gold doled out to the braves by Wabasis was far below what they expected. Disappointed and disgruntled, they protested, but to no avail. Wabasis insisted, "That's all there is, there wasn't anymore!"

Wabasis could have been put to death, but instead it was decreed that he be banished to the shores of a nearby lake, there to live the rest of his life, never venturing more than a mile from his home.

Grateful to have escaped with his life, Wabasis obeyed the order for nearly two years. Then came news of an Autumn Corn Dance in an Indian village near Grand Rapids. "Surely," thought Wabasis, "my friends have forgotten and won't mind if I go." Go he did - but Indians have long memories and hadn't forgotten Wabasis' betrayal. Before the evening was over he became involved in a quarrel with some drunken young braves and was killed. A plaque on a huge boulder not far from Plainfield bridge going into Grand Rapids marks the place of his burial. Legend has it that Wabasis was buried in a sitting position with his head protruding above the ground - a punishment and sign of disrespect for betraying his tribe and his enemies. But, stated his family, this form of burial had always been the wish of Wabasis. Even in death he desired to gaze upon the Grand River valley, the land he loved.

Had Wabasis stolen the tribes gold? If so, what had happened to it? Where was it? There was a report, we never know how these rumors arise, that Wabasis had hidden a huge kettle of gold along the banks of Wabasis Creek or on the shores of the lake that now bears his name. Belding boys of the late 1800's took part many times in searches for the Wabasis gold - digging beneath roots of huge trees and exploring the shores of lake and stream. At that time interest ran high regarding Wabasis' treasure, and poor Belding family who purchased a new parlor organ, a red-wheeled buggy or sparkling driving horse caused much gossip. neighbors viewed their extravagant purchases with suspicion. Surely they were unable to afford such things - had they found the Wabasis gold? The story spread beyond Belding and the amount of the hidden treasure grew and grew. Newspaper stories appeared in many eastern papers. One day a young man got off a train arriving in Belding, went to a hardwar!
e store where he purchased several tools - pickaxes, shovels and spades - and the secured a room at the hotel. Early the next morning, with hired horse and buggy, he left town. He returned late that evening, tired and dirty. The same thing happened day after day. Who was he? Where did he go? What was he doing? The young man said nothing. However, one night when he came back to the inn he was carrying a huge, clumsy wrapped object - something so heavy he appeared to tug it up the stairs. Lights burned in his room all night long, and the next morning on the early train he left town 0 with the heavy bundle but without the tools. Had this stranger from the East found the buried gold? However there is still another story about the pot of gold. Wabasis had a daughter whom he loved very dearly. She fell in love with a young brave of whom her parents disapproved. After they had forbidden her to marry, the two ran away, were married and live happily. Wabasis, however, !
never seemed the same. He became aged and unhappy. Could it be that his dear daughter had stolen the gold?
 

1870 according to this....or thats when it was first recorded....

This is part 4 of Robertson Augustine's "Indians, Sawmills, & Danes" 1971.

The Pot of Gold
____________

The legend of Chief Wabasis is the favorite one of the Flat River country and the northeastern Kent County area. It has a very glamorous name - "The Pot of Gold" - and like all legends there is doubtless a grain of historical truth buried in the colorful additions made to the original story as it has been handed down through subsequent generations of story tellers.

Wa-ba-sis, or a word of similar sound, is the Algonquin for "White Swan." The name, or a similar one, appears on only one of the official documents, the Chicago Treaty of 1833. He was listed as one of the fifty-five Pottawotami chiefs signed. Eight chiefs of the Ottawa and two of the Chippewa also signed this instrument. His name does not appear on the Washington Treaty of 1836, made with the tribes north of the Grand River. The names of Wabi-windego and Cobmossa were two of the Grand River chiefs signing. Wabi-Windego, the "White Giant," was the chief of the Flat River Indians; Cobmossa was his son-in-law. Wabasis was his adopted son, hence would not be one of the signers. Perhaps by that time he was no longer alive. It can be reasonably presumed that he also married a daughter of Wabi-Windego.

The main thread of the "Wabasis and His Pot of Gold" legend is this:
Wa-ba-sis, a chief, received his allotment of gold upon signing a treaty by which the lands of his people were sold to the government of the United States. Instead of sharing the gold with his tribe, he kept it for himself, hiding it in a place known only to him. He was brought before this tribal council, was found guilty and banished to spend the rest of his days within a prescribed area around the lake in northeastern Kent County which bears his name as does the creek whose waters flow out of the lake and into the Flat River.

He and his family then lived segregated from the rest of his tribe and from tribal councils and festivals for many years. However, he was later persuaded to attend a corn dance and feast at the great council grove on the banks of the O-wash-ta-nong, the Grand River, on the high bluff east of the Rouge River. After the dance and when all were in a state of intoxication and revelry, one
Ne-o-gomah took a blazing brand from the fire and struck Wa-ba-sis on the head with it, as death was to be the punishment if he ever violated the sentence of ostracism passed many years before. Wa-ba-sis was thus killed, and his body buried on the high river bank with his head sticking above the ground, "so he could view the white men's canoes on the river and their settling and planting the Indian's grounds on the other side of the river," it was related. His grave was surrounded by a log enclosure, and early white settlers reported having viewed the grave. It was also said that his skull had been sent to the museum of an eastern university. His death was used as an example to those who would cheat their tribe and not observe the sentence of a tribal court.

His "pot of gold" was never found, although careful search was made by Indians and white settlers of the Wabasis Lake and Creek areas. Some thought he might have lowered it into the lake in a marked location. A shallow cave on the hillside at the west end of the lake was another well-searched spot.

This colorful legend, embellished by the imaginations of story tellers through the years, had its first recorded telling in 1870, when a Rockford woman, Mrs. M. Jennie Kutz, put it in poetical structure called "Wab-ah-see, The White Swan - A Legend of the Sleeping Dew." This poem was entered in the records of the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan and has been reprinted and included in newspapers and magazine articles since its first publication. In her poem, Mrs. Kutz (who was said to have been a doctor and spiritualist) attempts some of the fanciful Indian romance and naturalist construction of that period of American literature in an imitation of Longfellow's Hiawatha of 1854.

The next mention of the legend is in J.S. Schenk's "History of Ionia and Montcalm Counties" (1881).

Probably those most intrigued by the Legend of Wabasis have been the Boy Scouts of Kent and Montcalm Counties, to whom the tale has been told and retold countless times around their camp fires. In June 1932, the Chief Wabasis District of the Grand Valley Council of the Boys Scouts of America came into being at an impressive ceremonial. At this council fire, the son of a pioneer who settled near Wabasis Lake, an area early called the "White Swan" community, recounted the story, saying that his father had seen the log pen that surrounded Wabasis' grave. And so the legend of
"The Pot of Gold" has been perpetuated.

Ever at the feast of corn,
Was heard his voice of taunting scorn;
And here and there his vengeful soul
led on the hunt for hidden gold.
Then, in some lone and tangled fell,
Would ring his wild, unearthly yell. (M.J. Kutz)

Of historical fact, recorded by Everette in his "Memorials of the Grand River Valley" is a similar murder. Kee-way-coosh-cum, whose name means "Long Nose" (he was so named "because of the enormous size of the nose on his face"), was another of the Grand River Ottawa chiefs who signed the Washington Treaty of 1836. He was killed by a blow on the head with a maple club by a drinking companion, Wasogenah, after an argument. The place was at the mouth of the Coldbrook Creek in present northside Grand Rapids. He was buried in the same general location as the legend of Wabasis has him being implanted.
 

Thank you Gypsy!

My family is originally from Grand Rapids. My grandmother and grandfather kept a travel trailer on Wabasis lake every summer for many years. I had been there many times when young, but had never heard the story. Very cool! thank you.
Mark
 

There is also a creek named Cobmoosa Creek in Oceana County that I have fished several times. This is in the area of where Chief Cobmoosa lived until his death.
Dan
 

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Close to home for me. Means many accounts
Little Wabasis has a floating island. 25ft. Is deepest depth on same map.
Big Wabasis I have fished , and deepest depth is58-60 feet.
 

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