The cover says (in Russian) "УЧЕБНИК ДЛЯ 8 КЛАССА СРЕДНЕЙ ШКОЛЫ" which literally means "Textbook for 8 Classes of Secondary School". Probably '8 classes' means '8th grade' or something similar relating to whatever system prevailed in Russia in 1945.
It seems to be a French language tutor for Russian students, with sections of short adventure stories followed by comprehension questions in French to check how much the students have grasped.
Yes the ‘adventure’ stories I referred to seem to be of a heroic “derring-do” nature, in respect of which the opportunity for promotion of communist ideals hasn’t been missed. In the second pic, some sort of youth march appears to be going on, and the poem at the beginning refers to “komsomols”… members of the Leninist Young Communist League.
In the third pic, the story there relates to the author Jean Henri Latude’s daring escape from the Bastille in Paris on 25th February 1755. Madame Pompadour had him imprisoned there for trying to con money out of her as a thank you for warning her about a plot to kill her (which Latude himself had conjured up by sending her a box of poison as a ruse for the fraud).
These seem to be stories designed to capture a child's imagination.