Not like any I've ever seen...
Percussion caps are pretty malleable. Often a flat area left after a hammer fall and splits on the sides after the strike.
Musket caps start out tophat shaped , and they "petal" kind of with the hammer strike.
Your find is more like a type of rivet of which I'm also not familiar with. Or a "foot" that was peened into place on the one end where your piece fractured.
I’m pretty sure it is an early semi-hollow rivet. They were used in boots and some early denim. A tool was used to splay out the reverse side to give it a star shape to hold the two pieces of leather/fabric together. I’ve found a few of these metal detecting. Yours is the first one I’ve seen with a bulge in it. It might have been from the pressure exerted on the rivet needed to spread it out.